| Socijalistička Republika Makedonija Социјалистичка Република Македонија Socialist Republic of Macedonia |
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| A federal unit of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia |
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| Capital | Skopje | ||||
| Official language | Macedonian | ||||
| Established In the SFRY: - Since - Until |
August 2, 1944 January 31, 1946 September 8, 1991 |
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| Area - Total - Water |
Ranked 4th in the SFRY 25,713 km² 1.9% |
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| Population - Total - Density |
Ranked 4th in the SFRY 2,033,964 79.1/km² |
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| Currency | Yugoslav dinar (југословенски динари) | ||||
| Time zone | UTC + 1 | ||||
The Socialist Republic of Macedonia (Macedonian: Социјалистичка Република Македонија, Socijalistička Republika Makedonija) was a socialist state that was a constituent country of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.[1][2] After the transition of the political system to parliamentary democracy in 1990, the Republic changed its official name to Republic of Macedonia in 1991,[3] and with the beginning of the breakup of Yugoslavia, it declared full independence on September 8, 1991.
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The modern Macedonian state was officially proclaimed under the name Democratic Federal Macedonia[4][5] (Macedonian: Демократска Федерална Македонија, Demokratska Federalna Makedonija) on August 2, 1944, at the First Plenary Session of ASNOM during the antifascist National Liberation War of Macedonia in World War II. This date is now celebrated by ethnic Macedonians as the day they were first allowed to freely state their nationality.
In June 1945, the Socialist Republic of Macedonia adopted Macedonian as its official language.[5]
In 1945, the state changed its official name to the People's Republic of Macedonia. It was formally incorporated as a constituent republic in the Yugoslav Federation in 1946. However, some people were against the federation and demanded greater independence from the federal authorities, leading to their prosecution. One of the notable victims of these purges was the first president, Metodija Andonov - Čento. In 1963, the name was changed to the Socialist Republic of Macedonia.
During this time, Macedonia had the status of a state, although not a completely independent one. It had its own constitution, collective presidency, government, parliament, official language, state symbols, a Ministry of Internal Affairs, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts and other state prerogatives. Also, the Socialist Republic of Macedonia had its own armed Territorial Defence armed forces (Macedonian: Територијална одбрана, Teritorijalna odbrana),[6] as well as a Bureau for Foreign Relations (a Ministry of Foreign Affairs).[7]
The rights of ethnic minorities were guaranteed by the constitution. The ruling political party was the League of Communists of Macedonia (Сојуз на комунистите на Македонија, Sojuz na komunistite na Makedonija).
The official language of SR Macedonia was Macedonian,[8] but Albanian and Turkish national minorities had the right to use their own languages within the school system.[9] The constitution of the SR Macedonia defined the state as the national state of the Macedonians, but also as the state of Albanians and Turks.[9]
In 1990, the form of government peacefully changed from socialist state to parliamentary democracy. The first pluralist elections were held on November 11, 1990. After the collective presidency led by Vladimir Mitkov[10] was dissolved, Kiro Gligorov became the first democratically elected president of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia on January 31, 1991.[11] On April 16, 1991, the parliament adopted a constitutional amendment removing "Socialist" from the official name of the country, and on June 7 of the same year, the new name, Republic of Macedonia, was officially established.[3] After the process of dissolution of Yugoslavia began, the Republic of Macedonia proclaimed full independence, following a referendum held on September 8, 1991.
The Republic of Macedonia is the legal pre-successor to the Socialist Republic of Macedonia.
| History of the Republic of Macedonia |
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This article is part of a series |
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| Chronological | |
| Ottoman Macedonia | |
| Karposh's Rebellion | |
| National awakening | |
| Ilinden Uprising | |
| Kruševo Republic | |
| Vardar Banovina | |
| National Liberation War | |
| Anti-Fascist Assembly (ASNOM) | |
| National Liberation Front | |
| Exodus from Northern Greece | |
| Socialist Republic of Macedonia | |
| 1963 Skopje earthquake | |
| Republic of Macedonia | |
| 2001 Insurgency in Macedonia | |
| Ohrid Agreement | |
| Topical | |
| Military history | |
| Demographics | |
| History of the Macedonian people | |
| Related | |
| Region of Macedonia | |
| Naming Dispute | |
| Public Holidays | |
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Republic of Macedonia Portal |
This post was established in 1991 after the dissolution of the collective presidency
Prvi člen Ustave SR Makedonije (Ustav na SRM, 1974) je SRM definiral kot nacionalno državo makedonskega naroda ter albanske in turške narodnosti v njej. V členih 220 in 222 je bilo zapisano, da ljudje lahko prosto uporabljajo svoj jezik in pisavo za izražanje in razvijanje svoje kulture.—Vidovič-Muha, 2003., 163.
Poleg tega so makedonske (in slovenske) javne osebe v okvirih SFRJ (zunaj SR Makedonije oziroma SR Slovenije) zelo redko upoštevale pravico do uporabe svojega jezika v javnem sporazumevanju, in to je dajalo vtis, da je edini uradni jezik na ravni države SFRJ srbohrvaščina.—Vidovič-Muha, 2003., 164.
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